Ratio and Proportion Concepts for Bank Exams
Ratio & Proportion Mastery (Professional Level)
Ratio and Proportion are fundamental concepts in quantitative aptitude. These concepts are widely used in mixture, partnership, and data interpretation problems.
1. Basic Concept
Ratio represents comparison between two quantities.
a : b = a / b
Example: 2 : 3 means 2/3
2. Proportion Concept
If a : b = c : d, then a × d = b × c
Example: 2 : 4 = 3 : 6 → 2×6 = 4×3
3. Scaling Property
Multiply or divide both terms by same number.
Example: 2 : 3 = 4 : 6 = 6 : 9
4. Ratio in Mixtures
Used to compare quantities in mixture problems.
Example: Milk : Water = 3 : 1 Total = 4 parts → Milk = 3/4
5. Direct Proportion
If one increases, other also increases.
Example: More workers → More work done
6. Inverse Proportion
If one increases, other decreases.
Example: More workers → Less time required
7. Shortcut Tricks
- Convert ratio into fraction
- Use cross multiplication
- Break into parts
- Avoid large calculations
8. Formula Logic
If a : b = x : y → a = kx, b = ky (k is constant)
This helps solve unknown values quickly.
Speed Strategy
- Convert ratios into simple form
- Use LCM method
- Apply proportion logic
- Practice mixture-based problems
Practice Questions
1. Ratio of 20 and 30 = ?
2. If a : b = 2 : 3 and b = 15, find a
3. Divide 40 in ratio 3:2
4. If workers increase, time decreases – which proportion?
Concept Clarity Leads to Faster Problem Solving
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