Saturday, 18 April 2026

 

Bank Exam Preparation

Bank Exam Preparation Concept

Ratio & Proportion – Shortcut Tricks & Tough Problems

Ratio and proportion are fundamental topics used in mixtures, partnerships, and data interpretation.


1. Basic Concept

Ratio compares two quantities.

Example:
If A : B = 2 : 3
Total parts = 5


2. Convert Ratio into Values

Example:
Divide 100 in ratio 2 : 3

Solution:
Total parts = 5
Each part = 100 ÷ 5 = 20
Answer = 40 and 60


3. Proportion Concept

If a : b = c : d
Then a × d = b × c

Example:
2 : 4 = 3 : 6
Check → 2×6 = 4×3 ✔


4. Ratio Change Trick

If income ratio = 3 : 4
and income increases by same amount → ratio changes

Use concept: difference remains constant


5. Mixture Concept (Important)

Use alligation method

Example:
Mix 10 Rs and 20 Rs items to get 15 Rs

Ratio:
(20 - 15) : (15 - 10) = 5 : 5 = 1 : 1


Tough Problems

Q1:
Divide 360 in ratio 3 : 5 : 7

Solution:
Total = 15
Each part = 360 ÷ 15 = 24
Answer = 72, 120, 168


Q2:
If A : B = 2 : 3 and B : C = 4 : 5, find A : B : C

Solution:
Make B common → LCM = 12
A : B = 8 : 12
B : C = 12 : 15
Answer = 8 : 12 : 15


Q3:
Two numbers are in ratio 5 : 7 and their sum is 144. Find numbers.

Solution:
Total parts = 12
Each part = 144 ÷ 12 = 12
Answer = 60 and 84


Exam Strategy

  • Always convert ratio into total parts
  • Use LCM method for combined ratios
  • Apply alligation in mixture problems
  • Avoid lengthy calculations


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