Quantitative Aptitude – Profit & Loss (Basics, Formulas & Easy Tricks)
Profit and Loss is based on buying and selling concepts. It is one of the most important topics in arithmetic.
Basic Terms
- Cost Price (CP): Price at which item is bought
- Selling Price (SP): Price at which item is sold
Profit & Loss
- Profit = SP − CP
- Loss = CP − SP
Profit & Loss Percentage
- Profit % = (Profit / CP) × 100
- Loss % = (Loss / CP) × 100
Easy Example
Question:
CP = 100, SP = 120
Solution:
Profit = 120 − 100 = 20
Profit % = (20 / 100) × 100 = 20% ✔
Loss Example
Question:
CP = 200, SP = 150
Solution:
Loss = 200 − 150 = 50
Loss % = (50 / 200) × 100 = 25% ✔
Important Case
- If SP > CP → Profit
- If CP > SP → Loss
Practice Questions
Q1: CP = 150, SP = 180 → Profit %?
Q2: CP = 250, SP = 200 → Loss %?
Q3: CP = 100, Profit = 30 → SP?
Answers
Q1: 20%
Q2: 20%
Q3: 130
Quick Tricks
- Always use CP as base
- Convert into percentage quickly
- Avoid calculation mistakes
Final Tip
Profit and loss is a scoring topic. Practice regularly to improve speed and accuracy.
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